What did Ibn al-Athir do?
Al-Athir lived a scholarly life in Mosul, often visited Baghdad and for a time traveled with Saladin’s army in Syria. He later lived in Aleppo and Damascus. His chief work was a history of the world, al-Kamil fi at-Tarikh (The Complete History). He died in the city of Mosul.
How did Ibn Al-Athir feel about the Crusades?
Ibn al-Athir characterizes the advent of the crusades as an issue of political intrigue and its historical importance in terms of Frankish conquest, as merely one event within a continuous pattern.
What did Ibn al-Athir write?
The Chronicle of Ibn al-Athir (1160-1233AD), entitled ‘al-Kamil fi’l-Ta’rikh’, is one of the outstanding sources for the history of the mediaeval world.
Who wrote Kamil ul tawarikh?
Ibn al-Athir was a Muslim historian in the 6-7th century AH/12-13th century AD and renowned for his masterpiece entitled al-Kamil fi al-tarikh.
Where was Ibn Al Athir?
Ibn al-Athīr, in full ʿIzz al-Dīn Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn al-Athīr, (born May 12, 1160, Jazīrat Ibn ʿUmar, Jazira, Emp. of the Caliphate [now in Turkey]—died 1233, Mosul, Iraq), influential Arab historian. Ibn al-Athīr spent a scholarly life in Mosul, but often visited Baghdad.
Who were tawarikh?
Tawarikh were the books that provided with information about administration under the Delhi Sultans. They were written in Persian.
What is the perfect history Ibn Al Athir?
Born in 1160, Ibn al-Athir wrote a history of the world up to 1232, the year before his death. In The Perfect History, al-Athir calls the Mongols the Tatars, but they have also been referred to as Tartars. These Mongols came out of Central Asia and were initially led by Genghis Khan.
What was IQTA class 7th?
During the Sultanate period, the nobles were given grants of land. This land was called Iqta. They collected taxes from the farmers living in their iqta. With this money, they maintained themselves, their families and also paid the soldiers under them.
How were tawarikh made?
There were four stages of tawarikh writing; At the first stage, a paper was prepared. In the second stage, the text was written. In the third stage, the important words and paragraphs are highlighted with gold.
How do you pronounce Atheer?
- Phonetic spelling of Atheer. aa-THIH-R. atheer.
- Meanings for Atheer. It is an Arabic feminine name.
- Translations of Atheer. German : Athier. Arabic : أثير Spanish : Azir. Russian : Асир
Who are Muqtis?
Muqtis are landowner or landholders of land given by king and iqtas are the land given by the king. Iqtas is the land area governed by the governors appointed by sultans. Muqtis may have wanted to defy the orders of the Sultans in order to exercise their control over money and military resources.
What did iqta mean?
Laura: Iqta is defined by Kennedy as “assignment to an individual of right to collect taxes from an area or community, usually in exchange for military service.”The development of the iqta system was in the first half of the tenth century and was established to relieve the state treasury when insufficient tax revenue …
Who was a tawarikh?
A tarikh (singular)/tawarikh (plural) are ‘histories’ which are valuable sources of information. These were written in Persian, the language of administration under the Delhi Sultans.
What were the drawbacks of tawarikh?
The main drawback of tarikhs written during Sultanate period is that they presented very one sided picture of history. Tarikhs were written by scholars employed by the Royal Court. 2. As a result these Tarikhs presented history from the view point of Sultan.
What is Muqtis duty?
The duty of the muqtis was to lead military campaigns and maintain law and order in their iqtas.
What is Muqtis 7?
Muqtis or iqtadars were the holders of the land assignments of iqtas. They collected the assigned revenues from their iqtas, paid the soldiers their salaries and maintained the required army.
Who ended iqta system?
Alauddin Khalji
He organized and introduced a countrywide spy system. He was the First Sultan who set up a “permanent Standing Army” of the sultanate. He abolished the Iqta System introduced by Iltutmish and started paying them salary in cash. The conquest of Deccan by Malik Kafur was the climax of the Career of Alauddin Khalji.
What was Tarikh class 7th?
Inscriptions, coins and architecture provide a lot of information but especially significant are “histories”, Tarikh (singular)/tawarikh (plural), written in Persian, the language of administration under Delhi Sultan. They were written for the Sultans with anticipation of rich rewards.