How do you detect mucin?
Techniques including ELISA, dot/slot blotting, and Western blotting, use of lectins and antibodies in mucin detection on membranes as well as immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence on both tissues and cells grown on Transwell™ inserts are described.
What are neutral mucins?
Mucins – An Introduction Mucins are part of a complex group called carbohydrates. Neutral mucins which lack acid groups and carry no charge. They are found in the epithelium of the stomach and the Brunner’s glands of the duodenum.
What is the Mucicarmine used for?
The mucicarmine staining procedure is very specific in its detection of mucins of epithelial origin. It is often used to identify adenocarcinomas, distinguishing these from squamous-cell carcinomas. It is particularly useful in detecting adenocarcinomas originating from the gastrointestinal tract.
What are the types of mucins?
All three mucin types, trans-membrane (e.g., MUC1, MUC4, MUC16), secreted (gel-forming) (e.g., MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6) and soluble (non-gel-forming) (e.g., MUC7, MUC8, MUC9, MUC20), are critical in maintaining cellular functions, particularly those of epithelial surfaces.
What is Mucicarmine stain used primarily for *?
What is Mucicarmine stain used primarily for? Mucicarmine is used to see epithelial mucin. It stains it a deep red.
What is Van Gieson stain used for?
Van Gieson Stain is used to differentiate between collagen and smooth muscle in tumors and to demonstrate the increase of collagen in diseases. This method combines two or more anionic dyes and rely on differential binding by tissue components.
What is Mucicarmine stain used for?
Mucicarmine stain is intended for the staining of mucin. Mucin is a secretion produced by a variety of epithelial cells and connective tissue cells. In certain intestinal inflammations or carcinomas, an excess of mucin is secreted by the epithelial cells.
What is mucin production?
Mucins (/ˈmjuːsɪn/) are a family of high molecular weight, heavily glycosylated proteins (glycoconjugates) produced by epithelial tissues in most animals.
What are mucins composed of?
Mucins are highly O-glycosylated proteins that consist of approximately 50–80% carbohydrate by weight and are produced in epithelial cells and mucin-secreting goblet cells.
What kind of dye is used In mucicarmine stain?
The active dye molecule found in the mucicarmine stain is a chelate complex formed between cationic aluminum ions and carminic acid. Carminic acid is a natural dye molecule that is isolated from the dried bodies of female Coccus cacti insects. The aluminum cations confer an overall positive charge to the large carmine complex.
How is Mucicarmine stain used in immunohistochemistry?
A mucicarmine stain can be used to highlight intracytoplasmic mucin droplets, while it also highlights extracellular mucinous material. Several immunohistochemistry studies can be positive in MEC, with p63 highlighting many of the neoplastic cells in this clear cell variant.
How are aluminum cations used to stain mucins?
The aluminum cations confer an overall positive charge to the large carmine complex. Although the exact mechanism (s) by which this complex selectively stains mucins is unknown, evidence suggests that it is by electrostatic attraction to the anionic groups of acid mucins.
What’s the difference between GMs and Mucicarmine stain?
GMS stain demonstrates yeast nonspecifically, whereas mucicarmine stain is specific in staining the capsule. The India ink preparation or nigrosin stain can be rapidly performed and is very useful in demonstrating the encapsulated yeast in tissues and body fluids.